Common terms used in media

Censorship:

Control over content of media text. Different media forms have different forms of censorship some times from government, but mainly from regulatory forces.

Origin: (Latin), Roman magistrate, from censēre to give as one's opinion or assess.

Gatekeeping:

Old-fashioned term to describe the way in which certain key personnel (news editor, newspaper owners) have control over the information that is presented to audience, and the way in which it is presented.

Origin: (Germany) Gatekeeping as a news process was identified in the literature as early as 1922, though not yet given a formal theoretical name. Kurt Lewin was apparently the first one to use the term "gatekeeping," which he used to describe a wife or mother as the person who decides which foods end up on the family's dinner table. (Lewin, 1947). The gatekeeper is the person who decides what shall pass through each gate section, of which, in any process, there are several. Although he applied it originally to the food chain, he then added that the gating process could include a news item winding through communication channels in a group. This is the point from which most gatekeeper studies in communication are launched. White (1961) was the person who seized upon Lewin's comments and turned it solidly toward journalism in 1950. In the 1970s McCombs and Shaw took a different direction when they looked at the effects of gatekeepers' decisions. They found the audience learns how much importance to attach to a news item from the emphasis the media place on it. McCombs and Shaw pointed out that the gatekeeping concept is related to the newer concept, agenda-setting. (McCombs et al, 1976). The gatekeeper concept is now 50 years old and has slipped into the language of many disciplines, including gatekeeping in organization

Ideology:

It is a set of ideas or beliefs, which are held to be acceptable by the creators of media texts. Example: a text might be described as having a feminist ideology, meaning it promotes the idea of women and men are equal and should not be discriminated against on the grounds of gender.

Origin: (French) The word first made its appearance in French as idéologie at the time of the French revolution, when it was introduced by a philosopher, A. -L.-C Destutt de Tracy as a short name for what he called his “science of ideas. Destutt de Tracy and his fellow idéologues devised a system of national education that they believed would transform France into a rational and scientific society. Their teaching combined a fervent belief in individual liberty with an elaborate program of state planning, and for a short time under the Directory (1795–99) it became the official doctrine of the French Republic. Some historians of philosophy have called the 19th century the age of ideology, not because the word itself was then so widely used, but because so much of the thought of the time can be distinguished from that prevailing in the previous centuries by features that would now be called ideological.

Elections:

The formal decision making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office.

This word is used in Media to refer to our regular elections to weather to decide on people representatives or the President

Origin: (Latin)

Globalization

It is the process by which different cultures worldwide have come to share the same media text. Ex. Movies.

Origin: According to the Oxford dictionary, the word globalization was first employed in the 1930.  It entered the Merriam-Webster dictionary in 1951.  It was widely used by economists and social scientists by the 1960s. It has become the buzzword of the last two decades. The sudden increase in the exchange of knowledge, trade and capital around the world, driven by technological innovation, from the Internet to shipping containers thrust the term into the limelight.

Investment:

It is putting money into something to make profit.

This word is used in Media to refer to the commitment of money or capital in order to gain profitable returns in the form of interest or income through economic projects such as the "The investment opportunities in "New Suez Canal" project.

Origin: Invest  + "ment" > suffix      

Chaos:

A state of disorder.

This Word is used in Media to describe the bad conditions in which we live nowadays such as security absence and the huge number of road accidents every day.

Origin: Late Middle English "Latin"

Terrorism:

Violent action for political purposes.

This word is used in Media to describe any violent actions made by the Islamists but actually it's supposed to be used to describe violence regardless of the religion or the nationality of the committer.

Origin: Terror + "ism" > suffix   

Massacre:

The killing of large number of people, esp. people who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves.

This word is used in Media to refer to any incident in which many people are killed for example what happened in "Air Defence Stadium or what "ISIS" did with the Egyptians in Libya  

From a Middle French word "Massacrer"